April 16-19, 2015
The Netherlands is a beautiful country almost most of it below sea level in the northern part of Europe bordering Germany and Belgium. The Dutch are most recognizable for producing Gouda cheese, tulips, and wooden shoes. Amsterdam is most known for bicycling, narrow buildings, freedom and then, of course, legal prostitution and marijuana. My favorite part about the Netherlands is their fascination with draining land in order to be able to live below sea level. The amount of channels, pumps and dams is extraordinary.
Gouda cheese is yellowish in color and produced in a wheel-like shape and size. The name Gouda originates from the Dutch city of Gouda where the cheese has been sold for centuries. Cheese making in the Netherlands goes back to the earliest settlers of the area. Since the 17th century, the Netherlands is known for its cheese output.
The tulip was brought to Amsterdam via Vienna from the Ottoman Empire in 1554. The Flemish botanist Carolus Clusius planted the seeds in the Low Countries and discovered that the bulbs thrived in those soil and water conditions. Between 1634 and 1637 the Tulip Mania reigned where a single bulb sold for more than that of a house in downtown Amsterdam. Presently, the Netherlands is the world's main producer of commercial tulip plants, producing as many as 3 billion bulbs annually. In 1950 the Keukenhof garden was opened as a spring park of only bulb flowers and has the world’s largest permanent display of tulips. The design of the garden is the same as the 1857 design by landscape architects Jan David Zocher and his son Louis Paul Zocher that used the English landscape style.
The wooden shoes are a garden shoe to be worn with thick socks. With the marshy landscape, the wooden shoe lasted longer than its leather counterpart. The shoe now has cultural significance with there being a special pair with intricate carvings just for weddings. In the Netherlands there are only three authentic wood carving shoe shops, or at least that is what one of these three shoe makers told us.
Amsterdam started with a water dam being built across the Amstel River. Hence the name Amstel Dam turns into Amsterdam. The Dutch Golden Age was during the 17th century with the Dutch East India Company that dominated world trade being the first multi-national and publicly traded company in our history. It was during this time that the city began being a magnet for migrants seeking political and religious freedom. The city of Amsterdam is on a network of onion-like ringed channels with all the structures being on either wooden or concrete piles. Since land was so expensive, the houses are incredibly narrow, but then can be 4 or 5 stories high. The top peak of the house has hooks in order to hoist stuff up to the upper floors since the stairways were so narrow nothing could be carried up the stairs. It was in one of these houses that Anne Frank hid from the Nazis during WWII. There are more bicycles in Amsterdam than people. Our tour guide claims that their are 50,000 bikes thrown into the canals per year.
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The land is almost all below sea level. The river on the right is at sea level.
In front of the grey car is a typical 4-wheeler in the US.
The 4-wheeler is bigger than the car.